![]() The research concludes that Dan Zhu’s ideas fit well with Xuan-zong’s (唐玄宗) appeal for revival of Confucius teachings and the social-political setting in Mid-Tang. Coupling with the civil examination (科舉) reform and the impacts of Zen Buddhism, the Tang society was undergoing major social-political transformation which Dan Zhu was situated right on its course. Tang imperials whose ancestors carried a nomadic blood stream tried to strengthen their control by adopting Confucianism and placing more emphasis on the south-eastern region where the Han Chinese of the Southern Dynasty was concentrated. From Dan Zhu’s perspective, Confucius was trying to make use of histories to set proper behavioural standards and protocols for running the country, with an objective of saving the imperial control of Zhou (周).ĭuring the mid-Tang period, China was undergoing major social changes from a feudal to a modern society. Moreover, the Tang scholars are treating Chun Qiu as history or even as literature, rather than Confucius’ teaching on how the society should be run. He considers that there are large amount of mistakes in the then contemporary explanation of Chun Qiu, he also considers that Tang scholars have not just worked in isolation without much view sharing, but also misinterpreted Confucius’ teachings. ![]() This research reveals that Dan Zhu abandons the approach of focusing on the meaning wording and goes directly into the teachings of the classics. Nevertheless, due to the controversial nature of his teachings, Dan Zhu was heavily criticized by Ouyang Xiu (歐陽修) as being specious and at the same time appraised by Cheng Yi (程頤) to be one of the fore-runners who founded the Song Confucianism. This has made Dan Zhu even more influential than other Confucius scholars in that period. Many famous Tang political reformers including Lu Wen (呂溫) and Liu Zong Yuan (柳宗元) are considered by historians as Dan Zhu’s students and followers. To avoid the An-Shi Rebellion, Dan Zhu resided in the south-eastern part of the country where he taught Lu Chun (陸淳) the Chun Qiu (春秋) classic. Among the various scholars during the course of this transformation, Dan Zhu (啖助,724-770) has been recognized as a non-mainstream but yet very influential character. The intellectual development in the Tang Dynasty (618-907) could be generally divided into two phases, with the first one inherited from the Han Wei period focusing on the meaning of words, while the second phase focuses on the teaching of the Confucian classics. Philadelphia (PA): AACR Cancer Res 2022 82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 5091. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022 2022 Apr 8-13. The early change of serum interleukin 14α levels predicts the response to anti-PD-1 therapy in cancer. Keywords: IL14α, serum biomarker, anti-PD-1 therapy response, cancer Citation Format: Bu Hai Wang, Cai Yue Chen, Xian Zhang, Yu Xiang Huang, Yi Chun Zeng, Lei Li, Mao Qi Wang, Jing Liang Guo, Qiu Xian Li, Long Shen, Juan J. Conclusion: Early changes of serum IL14α level may be a useful predicting factor in advanced cancer patients with anti-PD-1 therapy. Using this cutoff to subgroup the patients, we found higher delta IL14α % change was significantly associated with superior overall response to anit-PD-1 therapy (p=0.0072) and had a better progression free survival (p=0.0039). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) was analyzed to get a cutoff point of delta IL14α % change as 2.46% (Sensitivity 85.71%, Specificity 62.5% AUC=0.7277, P=0.034). Early change of IL14α after 2-cycles of anti-PD-1 therapy was calculated as delta IL14α % change = (IL14α level after 2 cycles - IL14α level before treatment)/IL14α level before treatment*100%. There were no association between the expression levels of IL14α and clinical outcome. Result: Among these 30 patients, the mean expression level of IL14α before treatment was 2.1☑.21, whereas the mean level of IL14α after 2 cycles was 1.99☐.82. Serum levels of IL-14α were tested at baseline and after 2 cycles of treatment. Patients and methods: Thirty advanced cancer patients treated with PD-1 inhibitor were enrolled in this study. We evaluated serum interleukin 14α (IL14α) as a biomarker to predict the response of anti- PD-1 therapy. Abstract Background: Targeting programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) or programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) has been shown improved clinical efficacy in a wide range of tumor types.
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